Welcome to Civilizations and Cultural Exchange!
Civilizations are more than dates and rulers—they are systems of culture, belief, economy, and power. Volume 2 explores how societies form, expand, exchange ideas, and influence one another across regions and eras.
Students analyze development, trade, belief systems, and cross-cultural transformation.
What Defines a Civilization? V3 L1
Government, religion, economy, social structure, and innovation.
Ancient River Valley Societies V3 L2
Geography and the birth of early complex societies.
Trade Routes and Cultural Exchange V3 L3
Silk Road, trans-Saharan trade, and diffusion of ideas.
Empires and Expansion V3 L4
Why empires rise—and why they fall.
Cultural Legacy and Influence V3 L5
How ancient civilizations shape the modern world.